Dementia research is advancing at an incredible pace, bringing hope to millions affected by the condition. 

Currently, there are 127 drugs in development for Alzheimer’s disease. Globally, over 160 trials are testing more than 125 potential new treatments. With over 30 drugs now in Phase 3 trials (the final stage before regulatory approval) we are closer than ever to life-changing treatments.

Amyloid plaques are abnormal clumps of protein that build up between nerve cells in the brain. These disrupt cell function and contributing to cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease. Many new treatments target these plaques. The aim is to slow disease progression or even prevent symptoms from developing.

Lecanemab

Lecanemab, in particular, has shown promising results. Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2023 for treating mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s, it has demonstrated success in reducing amyloid plaques. The AHEAD Study is now exploring whether starting lecanemab treatment before symptoms appear can prevent cognitive decline.

Rob, a participant in the AHEAD A-45 trial, shared his experience.

“I was very pleased to be accepted onto the trial. I believe I should do everything I can to support dementia research.” – Rob, research participant

He attends monthly visits at the Bristol Brain Centre, receiving an infusion of either lecanemab or a placebo. His hope is that his participation, and that of others worldwide, will lead to improved quality of life for those with dementia.

Remternetug

One particularly promising treatment is remternetug, an immunotherapy targeting amyloid plaques, similar to donanemab. However, it is designed to work more effectively and can be administered in a more practical way, similar to insulin pens for diabetes. 

While full trial results won’t be available until later this year, early data suggests it may be more efficient at clearing amyloid plaques than its predecessor. However, some participants have experienced side effects, including brain swelling and bleeding, highlighting the need for continued research.

Despite these advances, no new treatments are currently available through the NHS. 

Optimism for the future

Lecanemab and donanemab, both amyloid-targeting drugs, have been approved in the UK but have not been recommended for NHS use due to cost concerns. However, optimism remains that future breakthroughs will lead to wider accessibility.

While challenges remain, the progress in dementia research is undeniable. Each new trial brings us closer to treatments that could change lives, offering real hope for the future.

Want to take part in a clinical trial to help find new treatments for dementia? Sign up to Join Dementia Research today! 

Tomorrow, read the next in our series about 10 reasons to be hopeful, focused on research into other forms of dementia

Read the full series from the start.