Research isn’t just looking at Alzheimer’s disease – other forms of dementia are important too
When people hear the word ‘dementia,’ they often think of Alzheimer’s disease. But did you know there are different types of dementia, each with its own unique symptoms?
Here we take a look at 3 lesser known types: frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia.
Frontotemporal dementia
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) affects the front and sides of the brain, which control behavior, personality, and language.
Unlike Alzheimer’s, memory loss isn’t the first sign. Instead, people with FTD may start acting in ways that seem out of character – being impulsive, socially inappropriate, or showing little emotion. They may also struggle with speech or understanding words. 
Take John Hyde, for example. He was only 59 when he received his FTD diagnosis. From that moment, he was eager to learn more, and through his involvement with Join Dementia Research, he has been able to share his experiences with others facing the same diagnosis.
“You know, it’s not going to help me necessarily, but I’d like to think I’m doing something to help.” – John Hyde, research participant
Lewy Body Dementia
Another form of dementia is Lewy Body Dementia (LBD). This is linked to abnormal protein deposits (Lewy bodies) in the brain. This type of dementia is tricky because it shares symptoms with both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.
People with LBD may experience vivid hallucinations, sleep problems, and sudden confusion. They might also have movement difficulties, similar to Parkinson’s, such as tremors or stiffness.
Unlike Alzheimer’s, memory issues in LBD can come and go, making it unpredictable.
Research we are supporting is exploring whether a drug developed to treat Alzheimer’s can be used for LBD symptoms.
Vascular dementia
Vascular dementia happens when blood flow to the brain is reduced, often after a stroke or a series of small strokes. Symptoms can vary but typically include trouble with problem-solving, slowed thinking, and difficulty planning. Unlike Alzheimer’s, memory loss may not be the main symptom at first.
The good news? Research has shown that a healthy lifestyle such as exercise, good diet, and managing blood pressure can help reduce the risk.
The challenge ahead
Each type of dementia has its own challenges, but understanding them can help families and friends provide better support. If you notice changes in a loved one, don’t ignore them, early diagnosis can make a big difference!
Professor John O’Brien, Professor of Old Age Psychiatry at the University of Cambridge and NIHR Emeritus Senior Investigator, tells us more in this video about research into each form of dementia.
Do you have frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia or vascular dementia? Sign up to Join Dementia Research and help us learn more about your condition.
On Monday, read the next in our series about 10 reasons to be hopeful, focused on how you can make a difference to dementia care and treatments.